What happened to Michael in The Perks of Being a Wallflower? Yevgraf asks. Was Tania Komarovsky really Lara and Yuri's daughter? Edit, Yes. Payment Summary Your Free Trial Starts Now! Doctor Zhivago is a romantic adventure novel by Boris Pasternak. Use up and down arrows to review and enter to select. What happened to Mr. and Mrs. Hadley in "The Veldt"? to help you write a unique paper. Yury's family has been exiled to Paris, and he is promised the opportunity to join them. Tania is speaking to two characters, Misha Gordon and Nicky Dudorov, not in the film. While he's gone, the two write letters to one another. Who was Tanya at the end of Doctor Zhivago? Currently you are able to watch Doctor Zhivago streaming on DIRECTV, TCM, HBO Max, Spectrum On Demand. What Happened To Tonya In Dr Zhivago September 23, 2022 Webster West It is difficult to parse how exactly David Leans "Doctor Zhivago" holds up to postmodern standards, given it is an epic historical drama that intertwines the personal with the political in a rather uneven way. What happened to District 13 in The Hunger Games. She tells them her life story. What happened to Martha Corey in The Crucible? What happened to Leila in The Bookseller of Kabul? Did you know you can highlight text to take a note? She, her father, and her son are deported from the country before she can ever see Zhivago again. for a customized plan. He is best known for his novel 'Doctor Zhivago.'. A lawyer who drove the elder Zhivago to suicide. I was there at her delivery. Tonya is also mad jealous. She is the daughter of Zhivago and Lara. On his way, he is captured by the partisan army, which conscripts him as a medical officer. Free trial is available to new customers only. (one code per order). Chapter 3: Christmas Party at the Sventitskys, Chapters 10-11: The Highway and Forest Brotherhood, Chapter 13: Opposite the House of Caryatids, Boris Pasternak and Dr. Zhivago Background. What happened to Allie in The Catcher in the Rye? Should You Feed A Dog After It Regurgitates? Yura, Yuri Andreevich, Yurochka), Larisa Fyodorovna Antipova (aka Lara, Lurochka), Tonya Gromeko (a.k.a. Komarovsky summons his doctor friend, who brings along Zhivago. Edit By continuing well Yury becomes a medical officer in the army and is stationed in a small town. Shes married to British journalist Duncan Campbell. We dont really know what will happen to Tanya, Zhivago and Laras daughter. What happened to Phillip's mom in The Cay? What Happened During The Boston Tea Party? Sometimes it can end up there. It is located between the borders of Russia and Portugal. A Russian epic, this movie traces the life of surgeon-poet Dr. Yuri Zhivago (Omar Sharif) before and during the Russian Revolution. You may cancel your subscription on your Subscription and Billing page or contact Customer Support at custserv@bn.com. What happened to Tonya in "Doctor Zhivago"? - Study.com Yuri refuses to think of Lara and Katenka as his family because of the guilt he feels for abandoning his wife and children, but he and Lara still seem closer than most married couples. Tonya reveals herself to be be vulnerable and emotional, yet she has a core of strength that allows her to carry on in spite of rejection. We're sorry, SparkNotes Plus isn't available in your country. What happened at the end of "Julie of the Wolves"? Yuri never sees Lara again and does not know that she is pregnant with his child. Yuri and Tonya were not related by blood, only by Yuri being adopted into the Gromeko family. The novel is named after its protagonist, Yuri Zhivago, a physician and poet, and takes place between the Russian Revolution of 1905 and World War II. Tonya's answer to this? She and I became terribly close" (13.11.8). Years later, Misha and Nicky are fighting in World War II and encounter a laundry-girl, Tanya, who tells them her life story. creating and saving your own notes as you read. What happened to Miss Lemon in Agatha Christie's Hercule Poirot stories? Yury tricks Lara into taking her daughter and going with Komarovsky, while he remains at Varykino. Please wait while we process your payment. JavaScript seems to be disabled in your browser. Your subscription will continue automatically once the free trial period is over. Dr. Zhivago Chapter 16: Epilogue Summary & Analysis | SparkNotes Yurys family has been exiled to Paris, and he is promised the opportunity to join them. But it also ends with the revelation that Tonya is an artist when it comes to the instrument, a self-taught player who has a natural gift just as Zhivagos mother had with the instrument before the story begins. The son of a once-wealthy man who became an alcoholic and committed suicide. By signing up you agree to our terms and privacy policy. Yury's old friends Misha and Nicky encourage him to resolve his divided loyalties toward Tonya and Marina. Edit, The movie begins in the late 1930s or early 1940s but, in flashback, most of the story takes place from 1912 through 1925, set against the backdrop of the Great War (1914-1918), the Russian Revolution (1917), and the Russian Civil War (1917-1923). There he meets Tonya, and the two marry and have a son, Sasha. What happened to Caroline in Little House on the Prairie? There are a few different endings to Doctor Zhivago, depending on how you look at it. What happened to the narrator's wife in My Last Duchess? The story was adapted to a feature film in 1965. Pasternak describes Lara at the time Komarovsky seduced her thus: "Lara was only a little over sixteen but she was well developed. The Mensheviks, headed by Julius Martov (1873-1923), proposed to overthrow the monarchy by peaceful political means. By entering your email address you agree to receive emails from SparkNotes and verify that you are over the age of 13. They have both served sentences in the gulags, and Nicky's fiance was killed carrying out a mission against the Germans. SparkNotes Plus subscription is $4.99/month or $24.99/year as selected above. Whether she was supposed to be Lara or was supposed to be a woman who looks like Lara is up to each viewer to decide. Dont have an account? She has a daughter, Katya, whom she has left in Yuryatin, her birthplace in the Urals. He begins living with Marina, the daughter of a family friend. He and Marina have two children. What happened to him? "He let go of my hand," she says with tears in her eyes, "and I was lost!" Renew your subscription to regain access to all of our exclusive, ad-free study tools. Komarovsky returns and urges them to go east with him to avoid being killed. In reality, the White Guard was pretty much anyone who was opposed to Bolshevism. Tonya and Sasha both die in the end. Copyrighted Maurice Jarre and MGM 1966Trivia: Even though the film was made in 1965 it wasn't shown in Russia until 1994 The long and passionate love affair between Dr. Yuri Zhivago and his nurse Lara Antipova, set amid the terrors of World War I, the Russian Revolution and the Russian Civil War, moved the world. Doctor Zhivago is a 2002 British television drama serial directed by Giacomo Campiotti and starring Hans Matheson, . On the other hand, the film lacks some of the novel's depth in individual characters and political/historical background. Christies most recent film role was in 2012. The second time, Lara tried to shoot Komarovsky at a party and instead wounded a prosecutor from the courts. The opening and ending scene of the movie shows the Aldeadvila Dam. They begin an affair that lasts two months before Yury decides to break off contact and confess all to his wife. Save over 50% with a SparkNotes PLUS Annual Plan! He attends a military academy and becomes a soldier. The novel Doctor Zhivago by Boris Pasternak tells the story of the two medical students, who meet at a party in 1910 when Tonya is only 14 years old. Youve successfully purchased a group discount. 20% Use up and down arrows to review and enter to select. Doctor Zhivago (film) - Wikipedia The film ends with a shot of the balalaika, the stringed instrument passed on to a young Zhivago that he has since passed on to his own daughter: Visual confirmation of the familial bond Tonya shares with him. Continue to start your free trial. Her mother was living with a man named Komarov who was not her real father. Julie Christie was cast in this part mainly due to her performance in "Billy Liar . It was written by. What happened at the end of Tears of a Tiger? How Long To Cook 4Lb Corned Beef In Instant Pot? They determine that she is the daughter of Lara and Yury. Sometimes it can end up there. When Zhivago returns, Tonya decides that it's too difficult to live in Moscow during the harsh winters, so she and her family move to an old estate in the mountains that her family used to own. Tanya is the daughter of members of the gentry. When Tonya's mother takes ill and goes to her deathbed, she makes Yuri and Tonya promise that they'll get married and have a family together. $18.74/subscription + tax, Save 25% The regimental laundry is entrusted to a girl named Tanya, who tells them the story of her life. Yury is captivated by Lara, but he returns to his wife and son in Moscow. Wed love to have you back! Home | About | Contact | Copyright | Privacy | Cookie Policy | Terms & Conditions | Sitemap. What happened to Violet Westing in The Westing Game? What happened to Noah's mom in The Notebook? Pasha is an idealistic, anti-Czarist reformer who slowly drifts into left wing extremism as he becomes a Bolshevik commander named Strelnikov (a figure Boris Pasternak based on Joseph Stalin). She writes him a letter saying she's not mad and that she hopes he has a happy life. Zhivago is most remembered for the dazzling 1965 movie version starring Omar Sharif and Julie Christie. She stays for several days and then disappears, likely dying in a concentration camp. What happened to Lara's mother in Dr. Zhivago? Yury's mother dies when he is still a young boy, and he is raised by his uncle Kolya. She tells the bandit that the money is in the cellar, but he takes Petya down with him when he goes to retrieve it. Amalia Karlovna Guishar The widow of a Belgian engineer, she settles in Moscow with her daughter Lara and son Rodya. Yuri (Yura) Andreevich Zhivago - a doctor and a poet, is the main character of the novel. During the Russian Revolution, Dr. Yuri Zhivago (Omar Sharif) is a young doctor who has been raised by his aunt and uncle following his father's suicide. You can view our. 1, 90-135 d, Poland Zhivago's abandonment of her was fruitless. By entering your email address you agree to receive emails from SparkNotes and verify that you are over the age of 13. Larissa (Lara) Fyodorovna Guishar (later Antipova) Amalia Karlovna's daughter and Yury's lover. Dr. Zhivago: Characters | SparkNotes What happened to Thelma from the book The Bone Collector? In My Antonia, what happened to Wick Cutter and his wife? $18.74/subscription + tax, Save 25% Continue to start your free trial. What happened to Lara's daughter in Dr. Zhivago? - Study.com When he is released, he returns to Yuryatin to find Lara. Pasha replies, "No they don't like me and I don't like them. Free trial is available to new customers only. What happens in the book Forever by Maggie Stiefvater? Chapter 3: Christmas Party at the Sventitskys, Chapters 10-11: The Highway and Forest Brotherhood, Chapter 13: Opposite the House of Caryatids, Boris Pasternak and Dr. Zhivago Background. Edit, According to the novel, no. 20% https://graduateway.com/qa/what-happened-to-tonya-and-sasha-in-dr-zhivago/. What did Lara's mother drink when she tried to commit suicide? The first time, he visited the house of a woman who tried to commit suicide, and he saw Lara, the womans daughter, exchanging glances with an older man, Komarovsky. Tanya's presence in Doctor Zhivago represents a few different things. The family is torn apart for a second time when Sasha dies of the disease. Correct writing styles (it is advised to use correct citations) What happened to Tiny Soderball in My Antonia? What happened to the duchess in My Last Duchess? She is the daughter of Yuri and Lara, leaving no doubt that Pasternak intended Tania to be Yuri and Lara's daughter. Now, it's totally possible that Tonya is being sarcastic in this letter, which would go a long way toward establishing her as someone who doesn't take things lying down. Registration number: 7252303643 A revolutionary who helps the Zhivagos when they are in Varyniko. Leon Trotsky was born Lev Bronstein, and Joseph Stalin (meaning "steel") was surnamed Dzhugashvili. Search all of SparkNotes. In the novel, the story goes a bit differently. Tanya boarded the train and traveled all across the country. Zhivagos death takes place long before the ending, and whatever ensues afterward plays out as an epilogue that is meant to offer explanations regarding key characters fates (although some are never explained at all). Chapter 3: Christmas Party at the Sventitskys, Chapters 10-11: The Highway and Forest Brotherhood, Chapter 13: Opposite the House of Caryatids, Boris Pasternak and Dr. Zhivago Background. All rights reserved. | Gordon asks Dudorov, "You know who she is?" SparkNotes PLUS After his mother's death, Yury was cared for by his uncle Kolya. Your group members can use the joining link below to redeem their group membership. | Can you play the balalaika? Wed love to have you back! While Leans Doctor Zhivago still manages to sweep audiences away with its grand scale and decade-spanning central romance, how well does it perform through a politically-charged lens? Who is Lise in Number the Stars? Did you know you can highlight text to take a note? Sasha is sentenced to hard labor in Siberia, while Tonya is forced to return home and live with Komarovsky. Mikulitsin's son and a leader of the partisan army. 725. What happened to Nellie in Little House on the Prairie? Olga was arrested, thrown into prison or sent to a labor camp on multiple occasions, because of her association with Pasternak. She asks for his help finding the child she lost (Yuri's child), and they search through several orphanages without success. Members will be prompted to log in or create an account to redeem their group membership. She wanders the country with the same desolate aimlessness that came to possess her father. On the other hand, maybe she just realizes that things aren't going to work out the way she'd like them to, and she's learned to deal with that. Edit, Doctor Zhivago is loosely based on the epic novel, Doctor Zhivago (1957), written by Russian author Boris Pasternak (1890-1960). What happened to Julia and Maria in Mansfield Park? Edit, Awards Become a Study.com member to unlock this answer! If she can handle war and deportation, she's a stronger woman than she seems, after all. Times are difficult, and the family must struggle to find food and firewood. Discount, Discount Code What happened to Paige in The Haunting of Hill House? Dr. Christopher Barnes of the Department of Slavic Languages and Literatures at the University of Toronto, Canada, has translated Pasternak's 25 Lara poems into English and placed them online in the University-sponsored Toronto Slavic Quarterly here. One of the hardest things about this relationship is that Lara (like Zhivago) really likes Zhivago's wife Tonya: "How wonderful your Tonya is! Marfa locks him in and will not let him out even when he threatens to kill Petya. She gets the money from her employers with the intention of getting the money from Komarovsky to repay her employers. The novel was first published in 1957 in Italy. In the film, Lara (Julie Christie) lived with her mother, who by trade was a dressmaker. What happened to Tiny Soderball in My Antonia? 40, loc. She's so devoted to Yuri Zhivago that she basically serves as his emotional doormat for a lot of this book. He begins living with Marina, the daughter of a family friend. He and Marina have two children. According To Plato Which Organ in The Human Body Is The Biological Seat of Dreams? What Happened To Dr Zhivago'S First Wife September 29, 2022 Webster West Olga was arrested, thrown into prison or sent to a labor camp on multiple occasions, because of her association with Pasternak. Most viewers assume one of two things: (1) Lara was avenging her rape by attempting to murder her rapist, or (2) Lara is so appalled at finding out that she's as much a sensualist as Komarovsky is that murdering him is her only way out. Laras former husband, Pasha, became a leader in the Urals but is now wanted. What happened to him? To be a poet amid a war-torn, volatile world can mean several different things, but in Zhivagos case, the heart eclipsed the mind, and the idea of the individual was greater than that of the state. The novel was adapted for this movie by English writer, Robert Bolt. The GromekosAlexander (Ralph Richardson) and Anna (Siobhan McKenna)were merely friends to Yuri's parents and agreed to raise Yuri as their son after the deaths of his parents. Lara mysteriously shows up at Yuri's funeral and introduces herself to Yevgraf. Wed love to have you back! Discount, Discount Code She has a daughter, Katya. What happened to Veruca in Charlie and the Chocolate Factory? Is it possible to read the Lara poems online? Subscribe now. Our experts can answer your tough homework and study questions. Edit, Top Bolshevik leaders all changed their names to something more politically appropriate as well as to hide from the Tsarist police. Semi-autobiographical, the epic tells the story of Yuri Zhivago, a doctor and a poet, and the effects of the Russian Revolution of 1917 on Zhivago and his middle-class family. What happened to Carrie in Little House on the Prairie? The regimental laundry is entrusted to a girl named Tanya, who tells them the story of her life. What happened to Annie in The Hunger Games? If you don't see it, please check your spam folder. Thanks for creating a SparkNotes account! That would flatter us both." Save over 50% with a SparkNotes PLUS Annual Plan! Please wait while we process your payment. Where to Watch Ten Oscar-nominations, including Best Picture went to this epic about happily married physician-poet Yuri Zhivago who falls madly in love with the beautiful Lara during his. What happened to Miss Riley in October Sky? What happened to Nell in the book The Haunting of Hill House? He was a Russian Cabinet member hiding in Mongolia. What Happened After Alexander the Great Died? Who does Pasha tell Lara slashed his cheek during the "peaceful" demonstration? Where Is 'Dr Zhivago' Filmed? Locations Of The War Movie Another shooting location of 'Dr. Zhivago' is the Lake Pyhselk ( The trek scene of the refugees). The last sentence of chapter 15 is one of the most poignant sentences of the novel: Lara is "forgotten as a nameless number on a list which was later mislaid, in one of the innumerable mixed or women's concentration camps in the north." It is the cold indifference of the line that gives it such power. Owing to the authors independent-minded stance on the October Revolution, Doctor Zhivago was refused publication in the USSR. What is Doctor Zhivago's first name in the book Doctor Zhivago? Where were the winter scenes in Dr Zhivago filmed? All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. The Character of Tonya: Doctor Zhivago is a romantic adventure novel by Boris Pasternak. Edit, Those who have both seen the movie and read the 600+ page book say that the movie does a good job of pulling a coherent and direct story from a book that tends to lack coherence and become very digressive on occasion, lapsing into long digressions about poetry or about side characters who have little to do with the main story. What happened to Katherine in The English Patient? Although she doesnt work as often as she did in the 60s and 70s she is 79 years old now, after all! He enrolls at the university in Moscow, studying medicine. She aks, "Pasha, are you a Bolshevik?" Tonya Gromeko (a.k.a. They soon become engaged. Looking online, it only talks about the movie and seems to confuse Katya with Tanya- who are two different people. Pavel Pavolovich "Pasha" Antipov, also better known as Strelnikov, is the hidden antagonist in the 1957 Boris Pasternak novel Doctor Zhivago, as well as its 1965 film adaptation of the same name. They go on living, while he takes up a new existence as a deceased tragic hero, driven to despair and death by his flaws and his passion. Just as Zhivago was reared by his uncle, so it is Yevgraf who promises to save Tanya from her orphaned, lonely fate. At the end, Gordon asks Dudorov, "You know who she is?" What happened to Tessa's baby in The Constant Gardener? What happened to Tonya and Sasha in Dr. Zhivago? What happened to the house in The Notebook? Tonya and the kids disappear from the novel just about as quickly as Lara eventually does, and that disappearance should make us think. Purchasing If you dont see it, please check your spam folder. But it seems like this letter is actually sincere, and that Tonya is ready to let Zhivago be with another woman at the drop of a hat if that's truly what he wants. She stays for several days and then disappears, likely dying in a concentration camp. Who was Tanya at the end of Doctor Zhivago? What happened to Mameha in Memoirs of a Geisha? Today, Dr. For the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on Javascript in your browser. What Happened To Lara's First Daughter In Dr Zhivago? $24.99 What happened to Allie in The Catcher in the Rye? She tells him that everyone is well and that they have given up some of the rooms to the agricultural college. $24.99 Createyouraccount. What happened to Abigail in the book The Haunting of Hill House? Lara's former husband, Pasha, became a leader in the Urals but is now wanted. What happened to Abigail in the book The Haunting of Hill House? Who are the Scherbatsky in Anna Karenina? Your email address will not be published. The two fall in love, but they are separated when Tonyas family moves to Moscow, while Sasha remains behind to live with relatives in the country. What happened to the girls in The Green Mile? The first time, he visited the house of a woman who tried to commit suicide, and he saw Lara, the woman's daughter, exchanging glances with an older man, Komarovsky. 20% What happened to Satsu in Memoirs of a Geisha? The free trial period is the first 7 days of your subscription. What Happened To Tonya In Dr Zhivago - DeKookGuide What happened to Gloria Stone in Lost Horizon? Required fields are marked *. "A new victim, she thoughtSuddenly a shot rang outWhat has she done, What has she done! Those who argue YES base their position on information in the film that says Lara and Tonya (Geraldine Chaplin) became friends, which is how Yuri learned that Tonya and the children had moved to Moscow and were being deported to Paris (Tonya sent the letter through Lara). Antonina (Tonya) Alexandrovna Gromeko is a loving, supportive wife to a fault. There, he sees Lara once more. On the other hand, Yuri Zhivago is essentially a non-political artist and physician dedicated to the beauty and preservation of life and love, and his efforts are scorned by the Bolsheviks. Edit, Komarovsky (Rod Steiger) orders Foie de veau Gascogne (veal liver Gascony-style) without too much mustard, and Lara orders jambon farci en crote (stuffed ham baked in a pastry crust). We use cookies to give you the best experience possible. You'll be billed after your free trial ends. What happened to Sam Westing in The Westing Game? This one's a tough call. She does understand that Zhivago and Lara don't want to hurt her, so maybe this is a genuine act of kindness and understanding. He enrolls at the university in Moscow, studying medicine. TO CANCEL YOUR SUBSCRIPTION AND AVOID BEING CHARGED, YOU MUST CANCEL BEFORE THE END OF THE FREE TRIAL PERIOD. creating and saving your own notes as you read. He put it aside, then returned to it in 1946, believing that in the postwar atmosphere, the Soviet authorities might allow its publication. She dies when he is a small boy. Yurys mother dies when he is still a young boy, and he is raised by his uncle Kolya. The free trial period is the first 7 days of your subscription. $18.74/subscription + tax, Save 25% Julie Christie, cast as Lara, was 24 years old at the time. It is constructed over the Douro River. What happens to the wife in Revolutionary Road? We find more evidence of Tonya's doormat personality later in the book, when she writes Zhivago with the knowledge that he's living with Lara as if they were husband and wife. Use up and down arrows to review and enter to select. What happened to Tonya and Sasha in Dr. Zhivago? Sasha refuses to give Tonya up and runs away with her, but he is caught by police and sent to prison in Siberia. Lara makes mistakes, yes, but Tonya hardly even gets the chance to: she's too busy being nice and following the rules. What tragically happened to Jane Austen's cousin? Yury becomes a medical officer in the army and is stationed in a small town. What happened to Basia in The Storyteller? Zhivago arrives in Smolensky Square in Moscow and is greeted warmly by Tonya. The novel "Doctor Zhivago" by Boris Pasternak tells the story of the two medical students, who meet at a party in 1910 when Tonya is only 14 years old. What Happened To Tonya and Sasha in Dr Zhivago? | GraduateWay Her brother arrives and pleads with her to give him money to pay off a gambling debt and says he will commit suicide if she doesn't give him the money. However, it is impossible to deny the epic appeal of the film, as the core central conflict within Zhivago himself a man expected to evolve with the world while nurturing the heart of a poet remains relevant to this day, albeit in a wholly altered context. Get Annual Plans at a discount when you buy 2 or more! Lara herself later disappears in a labour camp. What happens to Vronsky after Anna dies in Anna Karenina? Lara serves as her governess until Lipa graduates from school. She became engaged to Pasha Antipov (Tom Courtenay). What happened to Sylvia in Little House on the Prairie? Renews May 7, 2023 for a customized plan. Tonya doesn't realize that he's been taken prisoner by a radical militia. What happened to Veruca in Charlie and the Chocolate Factory? One day, a man came to the door saying he had killed Marfa's husband and would spare Marfa's life only if she gave over the money her husband earned from selling their cow. The first concerns Olga Ivinskaya, a young editor and translator that Pasternak fell in love with, despite having a wife and children at home. Pasternak doesn't give a definite answer. (one code per order). He meets Lara, a woman whom he has seen twice before. He says "We shall see" and sets about raping her. The journey is long and difficult, but when they arrive they find plenty of food and wood. Komarovsky kept saying in despair." for a customized plan. Yury returns to Moscow and finds work. Thanks for creating a SparkNotes account! Doctor Zhivago (1965) - Frequently Asked Questions - IMDb The Bolsheviks intended to use force and ultimately succeeded in establishing the Russian Communist Party in 1918. In the last third of the novel, Tonya writes to Zhivago from Paris. The widow of a Belgian engineer, she settles in Moscow with her daughter Lara and son Rodya. Wed love to have you back! Antonina Alexandrovna) in Doctor Zhivago. Pharapreising and interpretation due to major educational standards released by a particular educational institution as well as tailored to your educational institution if different; We're sorry, SparkNotes Plus isn't available in your country. Yuri is graduating from medical school and announcing his engagement to Tonya at the Christmas party, so he must be in his early twenties when he sees Lara shoot Komarovsky. He joins the White Army. For the character of Lara in Boris Pasternaks Nobel prize-winning masterpiece, Dr. What happened to Mama in Number the Stars? Who are the Scherbatsky in Anna Karenina? We know that Lara moved to Mongolia under Komarovsky's protection and she had Tonya there, but what about Katya? Thanks for creating a SparkNotes account! It was written by award-winning Russian author and poet Boris Pasternak in 1957. What happens in the story Miss Brill by Katherine Mansfield? He assisted the Guishars out of loyalty to Amalia Karlovna's deceased husband.
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